Window construction



y 1951 H. F. ANGUS ETAL 2,552,024

wmnow consrmucnou Filed Nov. 9, 1945 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 8, 1951 WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Harold F. Angus, Anderson Township, Hamilton County, and Ward Franklin, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignors to The Hyde Park Lumber Company, Norwood, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 9, 1945, Serial No. 627,577

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a window construction.

An object of the invention is to provide a Window construction including novel means for supporting a detachable auxiliary frame, which may be glazed to provide a storm sash, or screened to provide an effective window screen.

Another object is to provide a simplified window frame of the character stated, which may be erected in assembled form and applied expeditiously and accurately in a building wall of frame or masonry construction, to facilitate the formation of plaster corners inside the window opening when desired, or alternatively, to provide conventional wood trim surrounding the window openmg.

A further object of the invention is to provide in connection with a window construction, an auxiliary frame to be either glazed or screened, and which may quickly and with a minimum of effort, be mounted or removed from the window frame by manipulating it entirely within the inside of a building, there being no occasion whatever to manipulate from the outside of the buildmg.

Another object is to provide a detachable auxiliary frame and support means therefor, which will fit tightly all around the frame, thereby to effect substantially air-tight and insect-proof joints.

Another object is to provide an improved window construction of the character stated, wherein the auxiliary glazed r screened frame may easily be applied or removed by the housekeeper, without the assistance of other persons and without the expenditure of excessive time and labor. Furthermore, the method of mounting is such as to permit cleaning of the auxiliary frame both inside and outside, Without leaving the room in Which the window is situated.

The foregoing and other objects are attained by the means described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of the improved window construction as seen from the outside of a building.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing the window construction with the conventional double-hung windows 0r sashes removed in theinterest of clarity of disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 2, omitting the upper and lower portions of the assembly and concentrating upon the pivotal mounting means for the auxiliary frame, said frame being shown upon Fig. 3 in a tilted position.

Fig. 4 is a fragmental perspective view showing details of construction of one of two auxiliary frame support means mounted at the sides of the window frame in fixed relationship thereto.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental perspective view showing the auxiliary frame furnished with pivot mounts to cooperate with complementary pivot mounts illustrated by Fig. 4, and embodying also such other details of construction as are to be comprehended within the invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a fixed pivot member such as may be applied to the auxiliary frame support means of Fig. 4.

Fig. '7 is an enlarged perspective view of a movable pivot member, such as may be applied to the auxiliary frame of Fig. 5.

In general, the window frame of the present invention incorporates such improvements as will facilitate and expedite erection of a building, while at the same time providing for easy substitution of screen frames and storm sash after the building has been completed. As stated in the objects, one of the purposes of the improved construction is to provide for maximum convenience and saving of labor in the substitution of glazed and screened auxiliary frames, to be applied and removed by manipulating them entirely inside the building or compartment in which the window is situated. To this end, runways or tracks are furnished upon the auxiliary frame, so that the housekeeper readily may slide the auxiliary frame into and from the operative position without risk of dropping the frame or imposing unnecessary strain upon the person in making the change or substitution. From the standpoint of the builder, certain other improvements have been incorporated in the window frame assembly, so as to enable application of the window frame in walls either of masonry, or of frame construction, thereby to facilitate installation and make possible the formation of plaster corners inside the window opening, or alternatively, to provide for the application of interior wood trim in the event that trimmed windows are desired. Other desirable features will become manifest as the disclosure proceeds.

Referring to Fig. 2, the principal parts of the window frame are the head or top plate 8, the bottom member 9, and the vertical stiles H), the latter being provided with a dividing strip l2 to furnish the runways l3 and M for the conventional sliding window sashes. The sashes, for purposes of clarity and convenience of disclosure,

have been omitted from the drawings since their association with the runways and any suitable counterbalances is a matter well known in the art. As is usual, the upper end of the window frame is supported by the structural elements !5 of the building, whereas the lower end rests upon and is preferably secured to the usual structural element l6 upon which rests the member '9. A shim or heel strip 90 on member 9 may be interposed as shown, to provide a firm seat. The sheathing of the building is indicated at I'!..

Although in some instances the upright stiles and the head piece 8 of the window frame might extend inwardly to the plaster line, so as to provide for the application of interior trim, the accompanying drawing illustrates as an alternative, a plaster corner I? which has an interior facing l8 all around the window opening, making unnecessary the application of wood trim interiorly of the building. The plaster is applied over a suitable lath foundation l9, as usual. At the lower end of the window frame, plaster or grout may be applied over the member 9 to support an inner stool which may be of wood, marble, artificial stone, or any serviceable composition material suitable for use at that location. The plaster corner l1 may be reinforced in the customary manner b means of a metallic insert, if desired.

At the outside of the building the window frame is furnished with vertical and horizontal trim or facing members 2 l, 22 and 23. In a frame building, these members overlie the exterior wall of the building, and may be nailed or otherwise fixedly secured to the upright stiles and to the head piece or top plate 8. These trim or facing members, along with the outer stool member 24 nd the upper drip molding 25, thereby serve to frame the exterior of the window. In the case of a building having masonry walls, however, the members 2|, 22 and 23 serve as masonry jamb moulds, and as such, do not overlie the outside face of the wall. From the foregoing, it should be evident that the complete window frame preassembled at the factory, can be bodily inserted into a window opening of the building wall and secured in place, after which the lath and plaster may be applied with the plaster extending into the window opening and abuttin the frame, so as to form the plaster corner I! all around the window interiorly of the building. The runway M for the inner sash may be bounded by a metallic bead strip or angle member 26 fastened to the window frame at a uniform distance from the dividing strip l2 along the top and both vertical stiles of the frame. Member 26 may be fixed in position by means of nails, screws or other fasteners 2'1, which may be removable for bodily displacement of member 26 in applying or removing the conventional window sash from the inside of the building. This construction finishes the plaster joint at the frame, and provides for maximum convenience in the application and removal of the window sash elements.

Reference is now made to the full length auxiliary frame indicated generall by the character 28, and which is adapted to be either glazed or screened so as to serve the purposes of a storm sash or, alternatively, a window screen. It is contemplated that two such full length auxiliary frames will be furnished for each window, one being glazed in any conventional manner, and the other being screened in accordance with common practice. In the accompanying drawings, no effort has been made to indicate any particular manner of supporting glass panes or screen fabric upon the auxiliary frame 28, due to the fact that the practices employed in so glazing or screening a frame are well known and may vary in the details of construction. It should be understood, therefore, that the auxiliary frame 28 is to be glazed or screened, in practice.

The auxiliary frame, as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 5, is made the full length and width of the window opening as measured from the trim member 23 to the outer stool 24, and from the upright 2| to the upright 22. The vertical members 29 and 30 of the auxiliary frame, along with the horizontal top and bottom frame members, 3| and 32, form a rectangular structure of the size indicated. Suitable cross pieces or muntins 33 may occupy the interior of the frame so as to furnish means for the support of any number of transparent panes, or for a sheet of screening material to be applied to the frame.

The vertical frame members 29 and 30, and, the upper horizontal rail 3| are rabbeted to furnish interior or inwardly disposed outwardly facing flanges 34, 35 and 36 which extend outwardly of the frame along approximately the upper half of its perimeter. In other words, the interior flanges 34 and 35 extend upwardly from their terminal ends 31 and are continuous with the flange 36 of the top rail. The terminal ends 31 of the flanges will preferably be located at or above the horizontal level of the window sashes when fully lowered within the runways of the window frame.

In a similar but reversed manner, the upright frame members are rabbeted in a downward direction to provide exterior or outwardly disposed inwardly facing flanges 38 and 39 which reach the chamfered base edge 40 of the lower horizontal rail 32. These exterior flanges, which are indicated plainly upon Fig. 1 at the locations 38 and 39, extend downwardly from the terminal ends thereof indicated at 4|. The interior and exterior flanges of the auxiliary frame are adapted to cooperate with complementary or oppositely disposed oppositely facing flanges 0n the window frame, for establishing lap joints along the opposite sides and the upper end of the auxiliary frame, as indicated at 36 of Fig. 2, while the chamfered base 40 of the auxiliary frame rests upon the outer stool 24 to support the full weight of the auxiliary frame. The contact area at 50, together with the line of contact established at the step 42 of the outer stool, establishes a tight and effective lap joint along the lower edge of the auxiliary frame.

Within a limited space between the relatively offset terminal ends 31 and ll of the interior and exterior flanges (Fig. 5) there is fixedly mounted as by means of screws or other fasteners 43, a pivot member 46 shown in detail by Fig. '7, one pivot member being applied at each of the vertical sides of the auxiliary frame. These pivot members may be referred to as the movable pivot members, as they move with the auxiliary frame when swung toward and from the vertical and horizontal positions indicated by Figs. 2 and 3. They are applied to the auxiliary frame intermediate its upper and lower ends, at locations preferably at or above a horizontal line which bisects the frame. As best illustrated by Fig. '7, the movable pivot member may be formed as a block of metal or other solid material cut away at opposite diagonal corners to provide a downwardly open hook-shaped bearing surface or pivot socket 45 and a stop lug recess 46. At these same locations, perforated webs 41 may be furnished to receive the screws or fasteners 43 which mount 5..., I the pivot member upon the side edge of the aux iliary frame. Abutments 48 and 49 at the other diagonal corners of the pivot member are adapted to form continuations of the flanges 34 and 39, respectively, the abutments being of the same cross-sectional shape and size as'the flanges. The resultant construction amounts to a continuous S-curve formed by the flanges and the interposed pivot member 54 having curved surfaces 44' in their upper faces. This construction is duplicated at opposite sides of the auxiliary frame. It may here be noted that the inner face 50 of flange 39, together with the extending portion 49 of the pivot member 44, forms a continuous track beginning at the socket 45 and extending downwardly to the base edge of the upright frame member. This track, which is duplicated at opposite sides of the auxiliary frame, will be referred to more fully hereinafter.

Referring now to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, it will be observed that an auxiliary frame support means is provided, preferably in the form of an open frame or case, the structural elements 2|, 22 and 23 of which may overlie the exterior wall of a building to serve as exterior trim for the window frame. The auxiliary frame support means comprising members 2|, 22 and 23' will ordinarily be nailed or otherwise applied to the window frame, so that they will be stationary relative to the auxiliary frame. It may here be noted that the auxiliary frame support means 2!, 22 and 23 need not necessarily overlie the exterior wall of the building, nor will they necessarily serve as trim or facing members for the frame, since the primary purpose of these members is that of furnishing an auxiliary frame support means irrespective of their trimming or facing function. It has been found quite practical, however, to use the auxiliary frame support means as trim for the exterior of the window frame.

Referring now to Fig. 4, it may be noted that the upright member 21 is r-abbeted along its inner edge to furnish a stationary exterior flange i and a stationary interior flange 52, these flanges being complementary to the flanges of the displaceable auxiliary frame. The flanges 5| and 52 are offset relative to one another, and the terminal edges 53 and 54 thereof are separated sufficiently to receive between them a fixed pivot member such as is illustrated at 55 of Fig. 6. The fixed pivot member is provided at its opposite diagonal corners with a pivot stud 56 and a stop lug 51, the stud and the lug being rounded at their opposing surfaces so as to fit, respectively, the socket 45 and the stop lug recess 46 of the movable pivot member of Fig. 7. The spaces between studs 55 and lugs 51 on the opposite sides of the window opening approximates or slightly exceeds the thickness of the flange 39 at the lower half of the auxiliary frame and form guideways for the window frame 29, 30, 3|, 32 during its placement in or removal from the Window opening. Thus, when the auxiliary frame is tilted in accordance with Fig. 3, the outer and inner faces of flange 39 might, when the frame is sufficiently tilted, contact the stop lug 51 and the pivot stud 56, for holding the auxiliary frame in V leave the pivot stud 56 and'thereb'y become'fully disassociated from the window frame.

Should the auxiliary frame of Fig. 3 be swung in counterclockwise direction upon the pivot stud 56, it would assume a substantially upright position as indicated by the broken line 280 of Fig. 2, in which position the base edge thereof initially contacts the outer stool 24. In this position, it will be noted, the auxiliary frame is not quite fitted to the flanges 5|, 52 and 58 of the auxiliary frame support means. It may be noted also that the pivot stud 56 will in this position of the auxiliary frame, furnish support for the frame. It is desirable, however, that the auxiliary frame in its final coplanar relationship to the members 2|, 22 and 23 of the auxiliary frame support means, will rest entirely upon the outer stool as at 40, with the pivot stud 56 supporting none of the weight of the auxiliary frame. Accordingly, as illustrated by Fig. 2, the auxiliary frame in final position will be unsupported by the pivot stud 56, and its pivot socket 55 will be elevated above the stud in spaced relationship thereto. This relationship of elements results in a close lap joint at 36, Where the upper flanges meet as the auxiliary frame is lodged to final closing position. The auxiliary frame may be latched in the final closing position, if desired, however, the use of a latch for this purpose is not a necessary expedient due to the fact that the base edge 46 rests firmly upon the outer stool under the full weight of the auxiliary frame, and the upper sash prevents tilting thereof.

To remove the auxiliary frame, referring to Fig. 2, it is necessary only to slightly swing it outwardly at the lower end until the frame descends far enough to bring the socket 55 into contact with pivot stud 56, whereupon the full weight of the auxiliary frame will be borne by the pivot studs at opposite sides of the frame, thus placing the parts in proper position for swinging of the auxiliary frame inwardly of the building as illustrated by Fig. 3. The auxiliary frame then may be completely removed by sliding it to the right, with the pivot stud 56 engaging the track 56 until it reaches the base edge 45 of the frame.

By means of the construction just described, theauxiliary frame may be quickly slid into and out of cooperative relationship with the window frame, with the employment of a minimum amount of effort. When the auxiliary frame is in final position, all joints at the several flanges along the edges of the frame will be substantially air-tight and closed against entry of insects and the like. The operation of substituting screened auxiliary frames for glazed auxiliary frames, and vice versa, is accomplished with dispatch in an effortless manner without leaving the interior of the building. By placing the pivot members slightly above the middle point of the height of the auxiliary frame, said frame may be swung about the pivot studs 56 without risk of dropping it either outside or inside the building whil effecting replacement of substitution of auxiliary frames. Moreover, the auxiliary frame will be supported upon track 56, as an aid to manipulation, until the frame has been fully withdrawn from proximity with the window opening. Placement and removal of the frame 28 are free of interference from the conventional sliding sash, as the sash during the operation are both lowered within the window frame to the fullest possible extent.

As will be understood, the fixed pivot members 7, and the movable pivot members heretofor mentioned, are duplicated in rights and lefts at opposite sides of the auxiliary frame, and are located at a common level above the sill of the window frame. The fixed pivot members may be applied securely to the upright members 2-! and 22 of the frame support means, by means of screws or other fasteners 59 passing through the weblike base of each fixed pivot member.

The invention can be incorporated in existing window structures as well as in the construction of new windows, and as previously pointed out, the construction lends itself to us whether interior wood trim about the window frame is specifled or not. Another observation to be clearly understood, is the feasibility of Shaping the fixed and movable pivot means from the material of the uprights constituting the auxiliary frame and the frame supporting means, thereby obviating the fixtures of Figs. 6 and 7 as separate elements of the combination. If the pivot means M for the auxiliary frame thereby is fashioned from the material of the frame itself, one need only drive a pivot stud into the frame support at the location 56 (Fig. 2) to produce an operative structure. In fact, such driven pivot stud will be found operative in association with the structure as shown by Fig. 5.

It is to be understood that various modifications and changes in the structural details of the apparatus may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

We claim:

1. A window and mounting comprising a frame corresponding in height to the full height of a window opening, the top cross member of said frame having an inwardly disposed outwardly facing flange and each vertical side of the frame having along the outer edge of its upper approximately half section an inwardly disposed outwardly facing flange and along the outer edge of its lower half section an outwardly disposed inwardly facing flange, a pivot member having downwardly open hook-shaped bearing surface secured to each of said vertical side members of said window frame, said hook-shaped members being located between the adjacent ends of said vertical inwardly and outwardly facing flanges, a flanged retainer member adapted to be secured across the top of said window opening and be abutted by the flanged member at the top of said window frame, flanged retainer members adapted to be secured to the vertical side members of said window opening in complementary abutting relation to the flanged members on said window frame when in closed position, and a pivot bearing member adapted to be secured between the adjacent ends of said flanged members on each side of said window opening, said window frame being mountable in the window opening by placing the lower end thereof on said bearing members and sliding the window fram lengthwise thereon outwardly through the window opening to a position where the hook-shaped members engage said pivot bearings at which time the window is swingable on said hook-shaped members and said bearings to vertical closed position in said window opening, said window being removable from the window opening by swinging the window frame to substantially horizontal position and sliding the same on said bearings inwardly through the window opening.

2. A window according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that lower ends of the upper flanged retainer members at the sides of the window opening are spaced from the bearing members to provide guideways through which the window may slide when the same is being mounted in and removed from the window opening, that the lower ends of said upper vertical flanged retainer members are curved downwardly and outwardly and that the said hook-shaped members are provided on their upper faces with concave seats complementary in size and shape to said downwardly and outwardly curved ends whereby the window may be moved into and out of closed position without binding on said flanged members.

3. A window according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that insert members are mounted between the adjacent ends of the vertical inwardly and outwardly facing flanged retaining members, that the pivot bearings are formed in said inserts and located inwardly of the upper ends of the outwardly facing flanged members and that above said pivot bearings in spaced relation thereto the inserts are provided with downwardly and outwardly curved lugs located at the lower ends of the inwardly facing flanged retainer members, the space between said lugs and pivot bearing serving as guideways through which the window may be bodily moved when placing the same in the window opening or removing the same therefrom.

HAROLD F. ANGUS. WARD FRANKLIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 319,104 Matuska June 2, 1885 790,215 Lunken May 16, 1905 1,902,209 Beil Mar. 21, 1933 1,935,020 Dietz Nov, 14, 1933 2,310,506 Bliss Feb. 9, 1943 

